The purpose of this Congenital Heart Disease in Adults series is to assist the learner in the echocardiographic assessment and management of adult patients with a history of congenital heart disease, many of whom were previously operated on and re­‐present for surgical intervention in early adulthood (e.g., pulmonary valve replacement after Tetralogy of Fallot repair).

Please note this course includes a Reference section. For accurate completion status, you MUST review the reference section.

Note: This course is eligible for ACPE credit.

• Simple cardiac defects in adults including patent foramen ovale, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, coarctation of the aorta, patent ductus arteriosus, aortic stenosis, and pulmonic stenosis